Move code related to devices to DeviceManager

19 files changed, 342 insertions, 222 deletions

diff --git a/src/org/traccar/BaseProtocolDecoder.java b/src/org/traccar/BaseProtocolDecoder.java
index 3429f41f0..9a253e351 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/BaseProtocolDecoder.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/BaseProtocolDecoder.java
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@ public abstract class BaseProtocolDecoder extends ExtendedObjectDecoder {
             Device device = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceByUniqueId(uniqueId);
             if (device != null) {
                 deviceId = device.getId();
-                Context.getConnectionManager().addActiveDevice(deviceId, protocol, channel, remoteAddress);
+                if (Context.getConnectionManager() != null) {
+                    Context.getConnectionManager().addActiveDevice(deviceId, protocol, channel, remoteAddress);
+                }
                 return true;
             } else {
                 deviceId = 0;
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ public abstract class BaseProtocolDecoder extends ExtendedObjectDecoder {
     public void getLastLocation(Position position, Date deviceTime) {
         position.setOutdated(true);
 
-        Position last = Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(getDeviceId());
+        Position last = Context.getIdentityManager().getLastPosition(getDeviceId());
         if (last != null) {
             position.setFixTime(last.getFixTime());
             position.setValid(last.getValid());
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/Context.java b/src/org/traccar/Context.java
index 0bb18b675..d32837755 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/Context.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/Context.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package org.traccar;
 import com.ning.http.client.AsyncHttpClient;
 import org.traccar.database.ConnectionManager;
 import org.traccar.database.DataManager;
+import org.traccar.database.DeviceManager;
 import org.traccar.database.IdentityManager;
 import org.traccar.database.NotificationManager;
 import org.traccar.database.PermissionsManager;
@@ -67,6 +68,12 @@ public final class Context {
         return dataManager;
     }
 
+    private static DeviceManager deviceManager;
+
+    public static DeviceManager getDeviceManager() {
+        return deviceManager;
+    }
+
     private static ConnectionManager connectionManager;
 
     public static ConnectionManager getConnectionManager() {
@@ -142,7 +149,12 @@ public final class Context {
         if (config.hasKey("database.url")) {
             dataManager = new DataManager(config);
         }
-        identityManager = dataManager;
+
+        if (dataManager != null) {
+            deviceManager = new DeviceManager(dataManager);
+        }
+
+        identityManager = deviceManager;
 
         if (config.getBoolean("geocoder.enable")) {
             String type = config.getString("geocoder.type", "google");
@@ -205,7 +217,7 @@ public final class Context {
 
         permissionsManager = new PermissionsManager(dataManager);
 
-        connectionManager = new ConnectionManager(dataManager);
+        connectionManager = new ConnectionManager();
 
         if (config.getBoolean("event.geofenceHandler")) {
             geofenceManager = new GeofenceManager(dataManager);
@@ -225,7 +237,6 @@ public final class Context {
 
     public static void init(IdentityManager testIdentityManager) {
         config = new Config();
-        connectionManager = new ConnectionManager(null);
         identityManager = testIdentityManager;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/DefaultDataHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/DefaultDataHandler.java
index 594961389..8923c3a0e 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/DefaultDataHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/DefaultDataHandler.java
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ public class DefaultDataHandler extends BaseDataHandler {
 
         try {
             Context.getDataManager().addPosition(position);
-            Position lastPosition = Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(position.getDeviceId());
-            if (lastPosition == null || position.getFixTime().compareTo(lastPosition.getFixTime()) > 0) {
-                Context.getDataManager().updateLatestPosition(position);
-            }
+            Context.getDeviceManager().updateLatestPosition(position);
         } catch (Exception error) {
             Log.warning(error);
         }
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/DistanceHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/DistanceHandler.java
index b22815033..9f174a6c7 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/DistanceHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/DistanceHandler.java
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ import java.math.RoundingMode;
 public class DistanceHandler extends BaseDataHandler {
 
     private Position getLastPosition(long deviceId) {
-        if (Context.getConnectionManager() != null) {
-            return Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(deviceId);
+        if (Context.getIdentityManager() != null) {
+            return Context.getIdentityManager().getLastPosition(deviceId);
         }
         return null;
     }
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/FilterHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/FilterHandler.java
index ab570ee26..5315bad9e 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/FilterHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/FilterHandler.java
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ public class FilterHandler extends BaseDataHandler {
     }
 
     private Position getLastPosition(long deviceId) {
-        if (Context.getConnectionManager() != null) {
-            return Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(deviceId);
+        if (Context.getIdentityManager() != null) {
+            return Context.getIdentityManager().getLastPosition(deviceId);
         }
         return null;
     }
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/MainEventHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/MainEventHandler.java
index a0df34de5..771009aca 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/MainEventHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/MainEventHandler.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class MainEventHandler extends IdleStateAwareChannelHandler {
 
             Position position = (Position) e.getMessage();
 
-            String uniqueId = Context.getDataManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId()).getUniqueId();
+            String uniqueId = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId()).getUniqueId();
 
             // Log position
             StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
@@ -54,11 +54,6 @@ public class MainEventHandler extends IdleStateAwareChannelHandler {
                 s.append(", result: ").append(cmdResult);
             }
             Log.info(s.toString());
-
-            Position lastPosition = Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(position.getDeviceId());
-            if (lastPosition == null || position.getFixTime().compareTo(lastPosition.getFixTime()) > 0) {
-                Context.getConnectionManager().updatePosition(position);
-            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/api/AsyncSocket.java b/src/org/traccar/api/AsyncSocket.java
index d1e5594f4..4422dbccd 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/api/AsyncSocket.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/api/AsyncSocket.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public class AsyncSocket extends WebSocketAdapter implements ConnectionManager.U
         super.onWebSocketConnect(session);
 
         Map<String, Collection<?>> data = new HashMap<>();
-        data.put(KEY_POSITIONS, Context.getConnectionManager().getInitialState(userId));
+        data.put(KEY_POSITIONS, Context.getDeviceManager().getInitialState(userId));
         sendData(data);
 
         Context.getConnectionManager().addListener(userId, this);
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/api/resource/DeviceResource.java b/src/org/traccar/api/resource/DeviceResource.java
index d6c53dc04..f48df7553 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/api/resource/DeviceResource.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/api/resource/DeviceResource.java
@@ -44,20 +44,20 @@ public class DeviceResource extends BaseResource {
             @QueryParam("all") boolean all, @QueryParam("userId") long userId) throws SQLException {
         if (all) {
             Context.getPermissionsManager().checkAdmin(getUserId());
-            return Context.getDataManager().getAllDevicesCached();
+            return Context.getDeviceManager().getAllDevices();
         } else {
             if (userId == 0) {
                 userId = getUserId();
             }
             Context.getPermissionsManager().checkUser(getUserId(), userId);
-            return Context.getDataManager().getDevices(userId);
+            return Context.getDeviceManager().getDevices(userId);
         }
     }
 
     @POST
     public Response add(Device entity) throws SQLException {
         Context.getPermissionsManager().checkReadonly(getUserId());
-        Context.getDataManager().addDevice(entity);
+        Context.getDeviceManager().addDevice(entity);
         Context.getDataManager().linkDevice(getUserId(), entity.getId());
         Context.getPermissionsManager().refresh();
         if (Context.getGeofenceManager() != null) {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class DeviceResource extends BaseResource {
     public Response update(@PathParam("id") long id, Device entity) throws SQLException {
         Context.getPermissionsManager().checkReadonly(getUserId());
         Context.getPermissionsManager().checkDevice(getUserId(), id);
-        Context.getDataManager().updateDevice(entity);
+        Context.getDeviceManager().updateDevice(entity);
         if (Context.getGeofenceManager() != null) {
             Context.getGeofenceManager().refresh();
         }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public class DeviceResource extends BaseResource {
     public Response remove(@PathParam("id") long id) throws SQLException {
         Context.getPermissionsManager().checkReadonly(getUserId());
         Context.getPermissionsManager().checkDevice(getUserId(), id);
-        Context.getDataManager().removeDevice(id);
+        Context.getDeviceManager().removeDevice(id);
         Context.getPermissionsManager().refresh();
         if (Context.getGeofenceManager() != null) {
             Context.getGeofenceManager().refresh();
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/api/resource/PositionResource.java b/src/org/traccar/api/resource/PositionResource.java
index 2da517d4f..e00e06e7a 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/api/resource/PositionResource.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/api/resource/PositionResource.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class PositionResource extends BaseResource {
             @QueryParam("deviceId") long deviceId, @QueryParam("from") String from, @QueryParam("to") String to)
             throws SQLException {
         if (deviceId == 0) {
-            return Context.getConnectionManager().getInitialState(getUserId());
+            return Context.getDeviceManager().getInitialState(getUserId());
         } else {
             Context.getPermissionsManager().checkDevice(getUserId(), deviceId);
             return Context.getDataManager().getPositions(
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/ConnectionManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/ConnectionManager.java
index 8796673b1..46ccab81e 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/database/ConnectionManager.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/ConnectionManager.java
@@ -28,12 +28,9 @@ import org.traccar.model.Position;
 
 import java.net.SocketAddress;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
-import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -45,21 +42,11 @@ public class ConnectionManager {
     private final long deviceTimeout;
 
     private final Map<Long, ActiveDevice> activeDevices = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Map<Long, Position> positions = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<Long, Set<UpdateListener>> listeners = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<Long, Timeout> timeouts = new HashMap<>();
 
-    public ConnectionManager(DataManager dataManager) {
+    public ConnectionManager() {
         deviceTimeout = Context.getConfig().getLong("status.timeout", DEFAULT_TIMEOUT) * 1000;
-        if (dataManager != null) {
-            try {
-                for (Position position : dataManager.getLatestPositions()) {
-                    positions.put(position.getDeviceId(), position);
-                }
-            } catch (SQLException error) {
-                Log.warning(error);
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     public void addActiveDevice(long deviceId, Protocol protocol, Channel channel, SocketAddress remoteAddress) {
@@ -80,31 +67,28 @@ public class ConnectionManager {
         return activeDevices.get(deviceId);
     }
 
-    public synchronized void updateDevice(final long deviceId, String status, Date time) {
+    public void updateDevice(final long deviceId, String status, Date time) {
         Device device = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceById(deviceId);
         if (device == null) {
             return;
         }
 
-        if (status.equals(Device.STATUS_MOVING) || status.equals(Device.STATUS_STOPPED)) {
-            device.setMotion(status);
-        } else {
-            if (!status.equals(device.getStatus())) {
-                Event event = new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_OFFLINE, deviceId);
-                if (status.equals(Device.STATUS_ONLINE)) {
-                    event.setType(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_ONLINE);
-                }
-                if (Context.getNotificationManager() != null) {
-                    Context.getNotificationManager().updateEvent(event, null);
-                }
+        if (!status.equals(device.getStatus())) {
+            Event event = new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_OFFLINE, deviceId);
+            if (status.equals(Device.STATUS_ONLINE)) {
+                event.setType(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_ONLINE);
             }
-            device.setStatus(status);
-
-            Timeout timeout = timeouts.remove(deviceId);
-            if (timeout != null) {
-                timeout.cancel();
+            if (Context.getNotificationManager() != null) {
+                Context.getNotificationManager().updateEvent(event, null);
             }
         }
+        device.setStatus(status);
+
+        Timeout timeout = timeouts.remove(deviceId);
+        if (timeout != null) {
+            timeout.cancel();
+        }
+
 
         if (time != null) {
             device.setLastUpdate(time);
@@ -122,12 +106,16 @@ public class ConnectionManager {
         }
 
         try {
-            Context.getDataManager().updateDeviceStatus(device);
+            Context.getDeviceManager().updateDeviceStatus(device);
         } catch (SQLException error) {
             Log.warning(error);
         }
 
-        for (long userId : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDeviceUsers(deviceId)) {
+        updateDevice(device);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void updateDevice(Device device) {
+        for (long userId : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDeviceUsers(device.getId())) {
             if (listeners.containsKey(userId)) {
                 for (UpdateListener listener : listeners.get(userId)) {
                     listener.onUpdateDevice(device);
@@ -138,7 +126,6 @@ public class ConnectionManager {
 
     public synchronized void updatePosition(Position position) {
         long deviceId = position.getDeviceId();
-        positions.put(deviceId, position);
 
         for (long userId : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDeviceUsers(deviceId)) {
             if (listeners.containsKey(userId)) {
@@ -157,23 +144,6 @@ public class ConnectionManager {
         }
     }
 
-    public Position getLastPosition(long deviceId) {
-        return positions.get(deviceId);
-    }
-
-    public synchronized Collection<Position> getInitialState(long userId) {
-
-        List<Position> result = new LinkedList<>();
-
-        for (long deviceId : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDevicePermissions(userId)) {
-            if (positions.containsKey(deviceId)) {
-                result.add(positions.get(deviceId));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
     public interface UpdateListener {
         void onUpdateDevice(Device device);
         void onUpdatePosition(Position position);
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/DataManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/DataManager.java
index 0dc3c5c52..0aecaf2e7 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/database/DataManager.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/DataManager.java
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ import org.traccar.model.GeofencePermission;
 import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig;
 import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;
 
-public class DataManager implements IdentityManager {
+public class DataManager {
 
-    private static final long DEFAULT_REFRESH_DELAY = 300;
+    public static final long DEFAULT_REFRESH_DELAY = 300;
 
     private final Config config;
 
@@ -72,11 +72,6 @@ public class DataManager implements IdentityManager {
 
     private final long dataRefreshDelay;
 
-    private final ReadWriteLock devicesLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
-    private final Map<Long, Device> devicesById = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Map<String, Device> devicesByUniqueId = new HashMap<>();
-    private long devicesLastUpdate;
-
     private final ReadWriteLock groupsLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
     private final Map<Long, Group> groupsById = new HashMap<>();
     private long groupsLastUpdate;
@@ -136,85 +131,6 @@ public class DataManager implements IdentityManager {
         }
     }
 
-    private void updateDeviceCache(boolean force) throws SQLException {
-        boolean needWrite;
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            needWrite = force || System.currentTimeMillis() - devicesLastUpdate > dataRefreshDelay;
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-
-        if (needWrite) {
-            devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
-            try {
-                if (force || System.currentTimeMillis() - devicesLastUpdate > dataRefreshDelay) {
-                    devicesById.clear();
-                    devicesByUniqueId.clear();
-                    ConnectionManager connectionManager = Context.getConnectionManager();
-                    GeofenceManager geofenceManager = Context.getGeofenceManager();
-                    for (Device device : getAllDevices()) {
-                        devicesById.put(device.getId(), device);
-                        devicesByUniqueId.put(device.getUniqueId(), device);
-                        if (connectionManager != null && geofenceManager != null) {
-                            Position lastPosition = connectionManager.getLastPosition(device.getId());
-                            if (lastPosition != null) {
-                                device.setGeofenceIds(geofenceManager.getCurrentDeviceGeofences(lastPosition));
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    devicesLastUpdate = System.currentTimeMillis();
-                }
-            } finally {
-                devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Device getDeviceById(long id) {
-        boolean forceUpdate;
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            forceUpdate = !devicesById.containsKey(id);
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-
-        try {
-            updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
-        } catch (SQLException e) {
-            Log.warning(e);
-        }
-
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            return devicesById.get(id);
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Device getDeviceByUniqueId(String uniqueId) throws SQLException {
-        boolean forceUpdate;
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            forceUpdate = !devicesByUniqueId.containsKey(uniqueId) && !config.getBoolean("database.ignoreUnknown");
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-
-        updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
-
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            return devicesByUniqueId.get(uniqueId);
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-    }
-
     private void updateGroupCache(boolean force) throws SQLException {
         boolean needWrite;
         groupsLock.readLock().lock();
@@ -347,72 +263,33 @@ public class DataManager implements IdentityManager {
                 .executeQuery(GroupPermission.class);
     }
 
-    private Collection<Device> getAllDevices() throws SQLException {
+    public Collection<Device> getAllDevices() throws SQLException {
         return QueryBuilder.create(dataSource, getQuery("database.selectDevicesAll"))
                 .executeQuery(Device.class);
     }
 
-    public Collection<Device> getAllDevicesCached() {
-        boolean forceUpdate;
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            forceUpdate = devicesById.isEmpty();
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-
-        try {
-            updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
-        } catch (SQLException e) {
-            Log.warning(e);
-        }
-
-        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
-        try {
-            return devicesById.values();
-        } finally {
-            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public Collection<Device> getDevices(long userId) throws SQLException {
-        Collection<Device> devices = new ArrayList<>();
-        for (long id : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDevicePermissions(userId)) {
-            devices.add(getDeviceById(id));
-        }
-        return devices;
-    }
-
     public void addDevice(Device device) throws SQLException {
         device.setId(QueryBuilder.create(dataSource, getQuery("database.insertDevice"), true)
                 .setObject(device)
                 .executeUpdate());
-        updateDeviceCache(true);
     }
 
     public void updateDevice(Device device) throws SQLException {
         QueryBuilder.create(dataSource, getQuery("database.updateDevice"))
                 .setObject(device)
                 .executeUpdate();
-        updateDeviceCache(true);
     }
 
     public void updateDeviceStatus(Device device) throws SQLException {
         QueryBuilder.create(dataSource, getQuery("database.updateDeviceStatus"))
                 .setObject(device)
                 .executeUpdate();
-        if (devicesById.containsKey(device.getId())) {
-            Device cachedDevice = devicesById.get(device.getId());
-            cachedDevice.setStatus(device.getStatus());
-            cachedDevice.setMotion(device.getMotion());
-        }
     }
 
     public void removeDevice(long deviceId) throws SQLException {
         QueryBuilder.create(dataSource, getQuery("database.deleteDevice"))
                 .setLong("id", deviceId)
                 .executeUpdate();
-        updateDeviceCache(true);
     }
 
     public void linkDevice(long userId, long deviceId) throws SQLException {
@@ -514,10 +391,6 @@ public class DataManager implements IdentityManager {
                 .setDate("now", new Date())
                 .setObject(position)
                 .executeUpdate();
-        if (devicesById.containsKey(position.getDeviceId())) {
-            Device cachedDevice = devicesById.get(position.getDeviceId());
-            cachedDevice.setPositionId(position.getId());
-        }
     }
 
     public Collection<Position> getLatestPositions() throws SQLException {
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/DeviceManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/DeviceManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70df1cc1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/DeviceManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+package org.traccar.database;
+
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+
+import org.traccar.Config;
+import org.traccar.Context;
+import org.traccar.helper.Log;
+import org.traccar.model.Device;
+import org.traccar.model.Position;
+
+public class DeviceManager implements IdentityManager {
+
+    private final Config config;
+    private final DataManager dataManager;
+    private final long dataRefreshDelay;
+
+    private final ReadWriteLock devicesLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+    private final Map<Long, Device> devicesById = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, Device> devicesByUniqueId = new HashMap<>();
+    private long devicesLastUpdate;
+
+    private final Map<Long, Position> positions = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    public DeviceManager(DataManager dataManager) {
+        this.dataManager = dataManager;
+        this.config = Context.getConfig();
+        dataRefreshDelay = config.getLong("database.refreshDelay", DataManager.DEFAULT_REFRESH_DELAY) * 1000;
+        if (dataManager != null) {
+            try {
+                for (Position position : dataManager.getLatestPositions()) {
+                    positions.put(position.getDeviceId(), position);
+                }
+            } catch (SQLException error) {
+                Log.warning(error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void updateDeviceCache(boolean force) throws SQLException {
+        boolean needWrite;
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            needWrite = force || System.currentTimeMillis() - devicesLastUpdate > dataRefreshDelay;
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+
+        if (needWrite) {
+            devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (force || System.currentTimeMillis() - devicesLastUpdate > dataRefreshDelay) {
+                    devicesById.clear();
+                    devicesByUniqueId.clear();
+                    GeofenceManager geofenceManager = Context.getGeofenceManager();
+                    for (Device device : dataManager.getAllDevices()) {
+                        devicesById.put(device.getId(), device);
+                        devicesByUniqueId.put(device.getUniqueId(), device);
+                        if (geofenceManager != null) {
+                            Position lastPosition = getLastPosition(device.getId());
+                            if (lastPosition != null) {
+                                device.setGeofenceIds(geofenceManager.getCurrentDeviceGeofences(lastPosition));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    devicesLastUpdate = System.currentTimeMillis();
+                }
+            } finally {
+                devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Device getDeviceById(long id) {
+        boolean forceUpdate;
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            forceUpdate = !devicesById.containsKey(id);
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            Log.warning(e);
+        }
+
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            return devicesById.get(id);
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Device getDeviceByUniqueId(String uniqueId) throws SQLException {
+        boolean forceUpdate;
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            forceUpdate = !devicesByUniqueId.containsKey(uniqueId) && !config.getBoolean("database.ignoreUnknown");
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+
+        updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
+
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            return devicesByUniqueId.get(uniqueId);
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Collection<Device> getAllDevices() {
+        boolean forceUpdate;
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            forceUpdate = devicesById.isEmpty();
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            updateDeviceCache(forceUpdate);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            Log.warning(e);
+        }
+
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            return devicesById.values();
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Collection<Device> getDevices(long userId) throws SQLException {
+        Collection<Device> devices = new ArrayList<>();
+        devicesLock.readLock().lock();
+        try {
+            for (long id : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDevicePermissions(userId)) {
+                    devices.add(devicesById.get(id));
+            }
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.readLock().unlock();
+        }
+        return devices;
+    }
+
+    public void addDevice(Device device) throws SQLException {
+        dataManager.addDevice(device);
+
+        devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            devicesById.put(device.getId(), device);
+            devicesByUniqueId.put(device.getUniqueId(), device);
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void updateDevice(Device device) throws SQLException {
+        dataManager.updateDevice(device);
+
+        devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            devicesById.put(device.getId(), device);
+            devicesByUniqueId.put(device.getUniqueId(), device);
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void updateDeviceStatus(Device device) throws SQLException {
+        dataManager.updateDeviceStatus(device);
+
+        devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            if (devicesById.containsKey(device.getId())) {
+                Device cachedDevice = devicesById.get(device.getId());
+                cachedDevice.setStatus(device.getStatus());
+                cachedDevice.setMotion(device.getMotion());
+            }
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void removeDevice(long deviceId) throws SQLException {
+        dataManager.removeDevice(deviceId);
+
+        devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+        try {
+            if (devicesById.containsKey(deviceId)) {
+                String deviceUniqueId = devicesById.get(deviceId).getUniqueId();
+                devicesById.remove(deviceId);
+                devicesByUniqueId.remove(deviceUniqueId);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+        }
+
+        positions.remove(deviceId);
+    }
+
+    public void updateLatestPosition(Position position) throws SQLException {
+
+        Position lastPosition = getLastPosition(position.getDeviceId());
+        if (lastPosition == null || position.getFixTime().compareTo(lastPosition.getFixTime()) > 0) {
+
+            dataManager.updateLatestPosition(position);
+
+            devicesLock.writeLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (devicesById.containsKey(position.getDeviceId())) {
+                    devicesById.get(position.getDeviceId()).setPositionId(position.getId());
+                }
+            } finally {
+                devicesLock.writeLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            positions.put(position.getDeviceId(), position);
+
+            if (Context.getConnectionManager() != null) {
+                Context.getConnectionManager().updatePosition(position);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Position getLastPosition(long deviceId) {
+        return positions.get(deviceId);
+    }
+
+    public Collection<Position> getInitialState(long userId) {
+
+        List<Position> result = new LinkedList<>();
+
+        if (Context.getPermissionsManager() != null) {
+            for (long deviceId : Context.getPermissionsManager().getDevicePermissions(userId)) {
+                if (positions.containsKey(deviceId)) {
+                    result.add(positions.get(deviceId));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/GeofenceManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/GeofenceManager.java
index c35e19e9a..dc31172b9 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/database/GeofenceManager.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/GeofenceManager.java
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ public class GeofenceManager {
                             .add(deviceGeofence.getGeofenceId());
                     }
 
-                    for (Device device : dataManager.getAllDevicesCached()) {
+                    for (Device device : Context.getDeviceManager().getAllDevices()) {
                         long groupId = device.getGroupId();
                         while (groupId != 0) {
                             getDeviceGeofences(deviceGeofencesWithGroups,
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public class GeofenceManager {
                         } else {
                             deviceGeofenceIds.clear();
                         }
-                        Position lastPosition = Context.getConnectionManager().getLastPosition(device.getId());
+                        Position lastPosition = Context.getIdentityManager().getLastPosition(device.getId());
                         if (lastPosition != null && deviceGeofencesWithGroups.containsKey(device.getId())) {
                             for (long geofenceId : deviceGeofencesWithGroups.get(device.getId())) {
                                 Geofence geofence = getGeofence(geofenceId);
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/IdentityManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/IdentityManager.java
index 8bdce09a3..8c0de8b38 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/database/IdentityManager.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/IdentityManager.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 package org.traccar.database;
 
 import org.traccar.model.Device;
+import org.traccar.model.Position;
 
 public interface IdentityManager {
 
@@ -23,4 +24,6 @@ public interface IdentityManager {
 
     Device getDeviceByUniqueId(String uniqueId) throws Exception;
 
+    Position getLastPosition(long deviceId);
+
 }
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/database/PermissionsManager.java b/src/org/traccar/database/PermissionsManager.java
index b6dd2e2a9..5a15375b4 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/database/PermissionsManager.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/database/PermissionsManager.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class PermissionsManager {
                 users.put(user.getId(), user);
             }
 
-            GroupTree groupTree = new GroupTree(dataManager.getAllGroups(), dataManager.getAllDevicesCached());
+            GroupTree groupTree = new GroupTree(dataManager.getAllGroups(), Context.getDeviceManager().getAllDevices());
             for (GroupPermission permission : dataManager.getGroupPermissions()) {
                 Set<Long> userGroupPermissions = getGroupPermissions(permission.getUserId());
                 Set<Long> userDevicePermissions = getDevicePermissions(permission.getUserId());
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/events/GeofenceEventHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/events/GeofenceEventHandler.java
index 9a546182d..1ea7aee41 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/events/GeofenceEventHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/events/GeofenceEventHandler.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class GeofenceEventHandler extends BaseEventHandler {
 
     @Override
     protected Collection<Event> analyzePosition(Position position) {
-        Device device = dataManager.getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
+        Device device = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
         if (device == null) {
             return null;
         }
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/events/MotionEventHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/events/MotionEventHandler.java
index d10513d26..4a3d2f0f0 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/events/MotionEventHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/events/MotionEventHandler.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class MotionEventHandler extends BaseEventHandler {
     @Override
     protected Collection<Event> analyzePosition(Position position) {
 
-        Device device = Context.getDataManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
+        Device device = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
         if (device == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -53,16 +53,19 @@ public class MotionEventHandler extends BaseEventHandler {
         if (motion == null) {
             motion = Device.STATUS_STOPPED;
         }
-        if (valid && speed > SPEED_THRESHOLD && !motion.equals(Device.STATUS_MOVING)) {
-            Context.getConnectionManager().updateDevice(position.getDeviceId(), Device.STATUS_MOVING, null);
-            result = new ArrayList<>();
-            result.add(new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_MOVING, position.getDeviceId(), position.getId()));
-        } else if (valid && speed < SPEED_THRESHOLD && motion.equals(Device.STATUS_MOVING)) {
-            Context.getConnectionManager().updateDevice(position.getDeviceId(), Device.STATUS_STOPPED, null);
-            result = new ArrayList<>();
-            result.add(new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_STOPPED, position.getDeviceId(), position.getId()));
-        }
         try {
+            if (valid && speed > SPEED_THRESHOLD && !motion.equals(Device.STATUS_MOVING)) {
+                device.setMotion(Device.STATUS_MOVING);
+                Context.getDeviceManager().updateDeviceStatus(device);
+                result = new ArrayList<>();
+                result.add(new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_MOVING, position.getDeviceId(), position.getId()));
+            } else if (valid && speed < SPEED_THRESHOLD && motion.equals(Device.STATUS_MOVING)) {
+                device.setMotion(Device.STATUS_STOPPED);
+                Context.getDeviceManager().updateDeviceStatus(device);
+                result = new ArrayList<>();
+                result.add(new Event(Event.TYPE_DEVICE_STOPPED, position.getDeviceId(), position.getId()));
+            }
+
             if (result != null && !result.isEmpty()) {
                 for (Event event : result) {
                     if (!Context.getDataManager().getLastEvents(position.getDeviceId(),
diff --git a/src/org/traccar/events/OverspeedEventHandler.java b/src/org/traccar/events/OverspeedEventHandler.java
index e14d4bcea..fd005e170 100644
--- a/src/org/traccar/events/OverspeedEventHandler.java
+++ b/src/org/traccar/events/OverspeedEventHandler.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class OverspeedEventHandler extends BaseEventHandler {
     @Override
     protected Collection<Event> analyzePosition(Position position) {
 
-        Device device = Context.getDataManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
+        Device device = Context.getIdentityManager().getDeviceById(position.getDeviceId());
         if (device == null) {
             return null;
         }
diff --git a/test/org/traccar/ProtocolTest.java b/test/org/traccar/ProtocolTest.java
index 503bc4c00..07a19b691 100644
--- a/test/org/traccar/ProtocolTest.java
+++ b/test/org/traccar/ProtocolTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ public class ProtocolTest {
             public Device getDeviceByUniqueId(String uniqueId) {
                 return createDevice();
             }
+            
+            @Override
+            public Position getLastPosition(long deviceId) {
+                return null;
+            }
 
         });
     }